网络通讯 LINUX 命令 PHP.MS PHP --

traceroute

traceroute
功能说明：显示数据包到主机间的路径。
语　　法：traceroute [-dFlnrvx][-f<存活数值>][-g<网关>...][-i<网络界面>][-m<存活数值>][-p<通信端口>][-s<来源地址>][-t<服务类型>][-w<超时秒数>][主机名称或IP地址][数据包大小]
补充说明：traceroute指令让你追踪网络数据包的路由途径，预设数据包大小是40Bytes，用户可另行设置。
参　　数：
  -d   使用Socket层级的排错功能。
  -f<存活数值>   设置第一个检测数据包的存活数值TTL的大小。
  -F   设置勿离断位。
  -g<网关>   设置来源路由网关，最多可设置8个。
  -i<网络界面>   使用指定的网络界面送出数据包。
  -I   使用ICMP回应取代UDP资料信息。
  -m<存活数值>   设置检测数据包的最大存活数值TTL的大小。
  -n   直接使用IP地址而非主机名称。
  -p<通信端口>   设置UDP传输协议的通信端口。
  -r   忽略普通的Routing Table，直接将数据包送到远端主机上。
  -s<来源地址>   设置本地主机送出数据包的IP地址。
  -t<服务类型>   设置检测数据包的TOS数值。
  -v   详细显示指令的执行过程。
  -w<超时秒数>   设置等待远端主机回报的时间。
  -x   开启或关闭数据包的正确性检验。

traceroute

traceroute [options] host [packetsize]

TCP/IP command. Trace route taken by packets to reach network host. traceroute attempts tracing by launching UDP probe packets with a small TTL (time-to-live), then listening for an ICMP "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. host is the destination hostname or the IP number of the host to reach. packetsize is the packet size in bytes of the probe datagram. Default is 40 bytes.

Options
-d
Turn on socket-level debugging.
-f n
Set the initial time-to-live to n hops.
-F
Set the "don't fragment" bit.
-g addr
Enable the IP LSRR (Loose Source Record Route) option in addition to the TTL tests, to ask how someone at IP address addr can reach a particular target.
-i interface
Specify the network interface for getting the source IP address for outgoing probe packets. Useful with a multi-homed host. Also see the -s option.
-I
Use ICMP ECHO requests instead of UDP datagrams.
-m max_ttl
Set maximum time-to-live used in outgoing probe packets to max-ttl hops. Default is 30.
-n
Show numerical addresses; do not look up hostnames. (Useful if DNS is not functioning properly.)
-p port
Set base UDP port number used for probe packets to port. Default is (decimal) 33434.
-q n
Set number of probe packets for each time-to-live setting to the value n. Default is 3.
-r
Bypass normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached network.
-s src_addr
Use src_addr as the IP address that will serve as the source address in outgoing probe packets.
-t tos
Set the type-of-service in probe packets to tos (default 0). The value must be a decimal integer in the range 0 to 255.
-v
Verbose; received ICMP packets (other than TIME_EXCEEDED and PORT_UNREACHABLE) will be listed.
-w wait
Set time to wait for a response to an outgoing probe packet to wait seconds (default is 5).
-x
Toggle IP checksums, usually to turn them off. IP checksums are always calculated if -I is specified.
-z msecs
Set the delay between probes, in milliseconds. The default is 0.